理性的合作——解读合作原则的哲学渊源

Rational Cooperation:An Analysis of the Philosophical Origin of the Cooperative Principle

格莱斯的合作原则自诞生以来所引发的争论和对它的修正从未停止。本文从利奇的礼貌原则对合作原则提出的质疑入手,追溯合作原则背后的哲学渊源,指出从语言使用角度对合作原则提出的质疑忽视了格莱斯理论背后的哲学基础。合作原则只是格莱斯意义理论的一部分,意义理论又服务于他的哲学目的,即揭示人的理性本质。合作原则试图揭示言语交际是理性的,合作性是理性的一种体现,对格莱斯原则的正确理解应结合其整体哲学观。

Since its birth, Grice＇ s Cooperative Principle（CP） has been held as a classic as well as a con- stant target for criticism and revision. Starting with criticism from politeness principle, this paper traces back the philosophical origin of CP. It argues that the criticisms from linguistic use perspectives neglect the philosophical background of Grice＇ s theory. A closer inspection of Grice＇ s writings as an integrative whole reveals that it is rationality rather than cooperation that is central to CP as a conversational principle. Coop- eration reflects rationality. A correct understanding of Grice＇ s principle shall be put in the context of his ho- listic philosophical view.