论中日海权矛盾中的南海问题

The South China Sea Issue in Sino-Japan Sea Power Contradiction

本文研究中日海权矛盾中的南海问题。日本并非南海沿岸国家,作为一个区域外国家,何以与中国在南海问题上发生矛盾?本文通过国际关系理论现实主义流派中的海权论等理论工具对此问题进行研究得出结论:冷战结束后作为东亚地缘政治主体板块国家的中国免除了长期遭受的来自北方的威胁,开始得以放手发展海权,而作为二战战败国的日本则开始追求政治大国地位。中国在2010年超越日本成为世界第二大经济体,使得东亚第一次出现了两强并立的地缘政治格局,遂引起日本的强烈猜忌。以此为背景,日本视中国建设海洋强国的战略为对亚太地区和平与繁荣的威胁。于是,日本开始在海洋领域挑起争端,两国的海权矛盾由此产生并迅速升级。由于日本在东海问题上日渐处于下风,并且在短期内看不到改观的希望,因此日本开始围魏救赵,在南海问题上挑起争端,企图使中国陷入战略两难的困境。而为达到海上围堵并牵制中国的目的,日本采取法律、防务、外交、舆论等多重手段在南海问题上为中国设置障碍。为此中国有必要采取相应措施进行反制。

This paper focuses on South China Sea issue in Sino-Japan Sea power contradiction. Since Japan is not a South China Sea coastal state,why does it conflict with China in the South China Sea issue as an extra-regional state? Through Sea power theory of Realism in International Relations, a conclusion can be drawn about this problem that in post-Cold War period, while Japan has started to seek political power status as a defeated state in the WWII, China has extricated from northern threat from which it has suffered for long as East Asia geopolitical main plate state, and has started to develop sea power freely. China has surpassed Japan to become the second largest economic entity in the world in 2010, leading to bipolar geopolitical structure in East Asia for the first time, which has aroused a strong suspicion of Japan. Under this background, Japan regards China's strategy of building a maritime power as a threat to peace and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region. Hence, Japan begins to stir up disputes in maritime field, resulting in emergence and rapid escalation of Sino-Japan Sea power contradiction. Due to increasing disadvantage in the East China Sea issue and no hope of change in the short term, Japan has provoked dispute in the South China Sea issue, attempting to put China into strategic dilemma. In order to contain China at sea, Japan has adopted multiple means to set up obstacles for China in the South China Sea issue, including legal, defense, diplomatic and public opinion.Therefore, it is necessary for China to take corresponding measures in response.