肿瘤患者化疗间歇期PICC常见并发症发生率及其影响因素

The incidence rate of common complications of PICC during intermission of chemotherapy and its influencing factors

目的探寻化疗间歇期肿瘤患者留置中心静脉导管常见并发症发生率及其危险因素,为临床护士评估、预防导管相关性并发症提供理论依据。方法收集2017年1月-4月新疆医科大学第一附属医院及肿瘤医院行中心静脉置管的308例肿瘤患者作为研究对象,采用问卷调查方法,分析肿瘤患者化疗间歇期常见导管并发症发生率情况,并分析其影响因素。结果 308例肿瘤患者置入中心静脉导管常见并发症发生率为14.9%(46/308),其中感染4.2%(13/308)、导管脱出3.6%(11/308)、皮肤过敏3.2%(10/308)、导管堵塞2.6%(8/308)、静脉血栓1.3%(4/308)。Logistic多因素结果显示,影响肿瘤患者化疗间歇期出现导管相关性并发症的影响因素有年龄、穿刺次数、维护方法以及维护周期(P<0.05)。结论肿瘤患者置入中心静脉导管常见并发症发生率仍较高,而影响肿瘤患者出现导管并发症的因素有一定差异性,临床护士应采取针对性的干预措施,才能降低化疗间歇期中心静脉导管并发症发生率。

Objective The incidence rate of common complications and risk factors of indwelling central venous catheter in patients with tumor during chemotherapy intermission was investigated to provide theoretical basis for clinical nurses to evaluate and prevent catheter related complications.Methods From January 2017 to April 2017,308 cases of tumor patients who were applied with peripherally inserted central catheter in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and the Tumor Hospital were enrolled as the research objects.Questionnaire investigation were used to investigate the incidence of common complications of PICC during intermission of chemotherapy and its influencing factors.Results The incidence rate of common complications in 308 cases of cancer patients with central venous catheter incidence was 14.9%(46/308),including 4.2%(13/308)infection,3.6%(11/308)catheter prolapse,3.2%(10/308)skin allergies,2.6%(8/308)catheters blocked,1.3%(4/308)venous thrombosis..Logistic multi factor the results showed that age,number of puncture,maintenance method and maintenance period were the influence factors of catheter-related complications in cancer patients during the chemotherapy intermission(P <0.05).Conclusion The incidence rate of common complications of tumor patients with venous catheter inserted central is still high,and the influence factors of tumor patients catheter complications is different,so clinical nurses should take targeted interventions to reduce the incidence rate of complications of PICC.