监察委员会调查权运作的双重困境及其法治路径

The Dual Dilemma of the Supervisory Committee's Investigation Power and its Legal Path

监察委员会调查权兼具"行纪检"调查权的特质,但又不同于其中任何一种调查权,其对职务犯罪的行使也就无法再适用《刑事诉讼法》的相关规定。然而,"行纪检一体化"后所形成的监察委员会调查权的定位异常模糊,不仅容易招致程序正义的质疑,也对人权保障有一定的挑战。为精准定位调查权,消除其运行时可能存在的法治的风险,必须要从宏观立法着手,将《刑事诉讼法》中有关检察机关直接受理案件侦查的规定部分转移至即将制定的《国家监察法》中,新增监察委员会有授权检察机关调查特定职务犯罪的条文,废除或不再规定"双规"、"双指"措施,确保监察委员会调查权在法治轨道上有序运转。

The investigation power of Supervisory Committee has the characteristics of the investigation power of disciplinary inspection, administrative violation and occupational crime, which is different from any of them, so Supervisory Commission should not be bound by the criminal procedure law in exercising the power to investigate occupational crime. However, the positioning of investigation power of Supervisory Committee is especially vague, which will not only bring about the injustice of procedure, but also deviate from the protection of human rights. In order to accurately position investigation power and eliminate the risk of violating. the law in the process of applying investigation power, we must transfer some part of the Criminal Procedure Law to National Supervision Law, which refers to the investigation power of occupational crime of procuratorial organ. At the same time, the National Supervision Law should add this provision that the Supervisory Commission has the authority to investigate specific occupational crimes, and abolish or should not set provisions that ＂party member should explain the facts of the case at the prescribed time and place＂ or ＂order any person suspected of violating the administrative discipline to make explanations on the matters involved in the investigation at the designated time and place＂ , so as to ensure the application of Supervisory Committee＇s investigation power always comply with the requirement of human rights protection and rule of law.