地域特点、资源整合与农村一二三产业深度融合——来自湖南省涟源市的经验

Regional characteristics,resource integration,and the deep convergence of the primary,secondary and tertiary industries in rural area:A case study of Lianyuan,Hunan Province

推进农村一二三产业融合发展是提高农村居民收入、转变农业发展方式和实现我国农业现代化的重要路径选择。为了解农村一二三产业融合的现实进展,总结农村一二三产业融合发展的典型经验,以湖南省农村一二三产业融合试点县涟源市为研究对象,调研涟源市农村一二三产业融合的典型案例,分析农村一二三产业融合的发展条件和发展模式,探讨其运行机制。结果表明,涟源市不断探索以特色产业为基础、以园区为依托、以企业为载体、以项目为支撑的农村一二三产业融合发展。主要模式有产业链延伸实现纵向融合、农业多功能拓展实现横向融合,以及通过社会化服务、农产品加工、生物科技和农村电商集群促进农村一二三产业融合。涟源市农村一二三产业融合形成了立足企业集群发展、多种融合形式并举、发挥专业合作社的联结作用、财政资金引导社会资金、农产品品牌建设与强化技术支撑等来推进一二三产业融合的运行机制。因此,提出通过加强以乡村为本的乡村建设、农村基础设施建设、支持三产融合政策的协调配合以及发挥三产融合辐射效应等促进农村一二三产业融合的政策建议。

Promoting the integrated development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas is an important path of improving farmers’ income, transforming agricultural development mode and realizing agricultural modernization in China. To evaluate the current progress and summarize the typical convergence experience of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas, this paper, taking Lianyuan, Hunan Province as a case study example, explored the development conditions and the new models of the integrated development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas. Results show that Lianyuan has continuously explored the integrated development mode of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas： developing specialty industries as the foundation, relying on its specialized zones and gardens, supporting enterprises as the leading force, and establishing special projects as the support. The main industrial integration models include the vertical integration derived from industrial chain extension and the horizontal integration based on multi-functional agricultural extensions, industry convergence through social services, agricultural products processing, biotechnology and cluster of rural e-commerce. Lianyuan has formed the operating mechanism of the primary, secondary and tertiary industry convergence, including the enterprise cluster development, simultaneous development of various integration forms, the usage of connection function of professional cooperatives, the financial fund’s guiding for social funds, the brand building of agricultural products, and the reinforcement of technical support. To promote the industrial integration of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries, this paper provides the following policy suggestions： to enhance the village-oriented rural construction, to improve rural infrastructure, to ameliorate the coordinated supporting policies, and to strengthen the radiation effects of the industry convergence.