政府蔗糖定价决策对农业产业链的影响

The Effects of Governmental Decision on Cane Sugar Price on Agricultural Industry Chain

基于62个政府、387户蔗农、83家制糖企业的问卷调查数据,本文分析了政府蔗糖定价决策对糖料蔗——食糖产业链的影响。研究表明,在国内糖料蔗生产成本提升的"地板"与国际食糖价格挤压的"天花板"作用下,糖料蔗收购价格与食糖产量之间呈"倒U型"关系。政府蔗糖定价决策更多考虑蔗农的利益,而不是制糖企业的食糖产量。在对价格政策演变历程分析的基础上,发现与糖料蔗收购价格的相关系数由大到小依次是:市场供求平衡、蔗农成本收益、国际糖价走势、价格政策连续性、产业链利益共享、农作物比价关系、制糖企业成本效益。调查发现,政府的蔗糖定价决策是在考量各种约束条件所做的权宜选择,约束条件主要包括三点:政府决策目标多重性;蔗农生产经营能力限制;制糖企业风险承受能力更强。

Based on questionnaire survey data of 62 governments、387 farmers and 83 sugar enterprises,this study analysis the effects of governmental cane sugar pricing decision on cane-sugar industry chain. First,this paper indicates that there is an ＂inverted U-shaped ＂ relationship between cane purchase price and sugar output in the context of upgrading the ＂ floor＂ of domestic cane production cost and the ＂ ceiling＂ of international sugar price. Governmental pricing decisions consider more farmers＇ benefits,rather than enterprises＇ sugar output. Furthermore,on the basis of analyzing the evolution of price policy over the years,the paper finds the correlation coefficient of cane purchase price from large to small in turn is market equilibrium、cane production cost of farmers、trend of international sugar price、continuity of pricing decisions、benefit sharing in industry chain、parity of crops、profit of sugar enterprises. Finally,the investigation reveals that three constraints affect governmental cane sugar pricing decisions. The first is governmental multiple goals of pricing decisions,the second is limitation of farmers＇ production and marketing capacity,the third is sugar enterprises have greater risk tolerance.