路径式健康教育对2型糖尿病患者生活方式、心理负担及生活质量的影响

Effect of Pathway Health Education on Life Style,Psychological Burden and Quality of Life of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

目的:探索路径式健康教育对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者生活方式、心理负担及生活质量的影响。方法:对我院94例T2DM患者随机分组,47例接受常规健康教育者归为常规组,47例接受路径式健康教育者归为路径组,比较两组患者健康教育干预前后血糖水平、自护行为、焦虑抑郁及生活质量评分。结果:干预6月后,路径组FPG(t=2.72,P<0.05)、2hPG(t=2.69,P<0.01)、HbA1c(t=2.38,P<0.05)显著低于常规组;遵医用药(t=2.80,P<0.01)、血糖监测(t=15.24,P<0.01)、饮食控制(t=4.92,P<0.01)、运动锻炼(t=11.72,P<0.01)、足部护理(t=19.21,P<0.01)、高低血糖处理(t=12.78,P<0.01)显著高于常规组;HAMA评分(t=7.87,P<0.01)、HAMD评分(t=7.07,P<0.01)显著低于常规组;生活质量总体健康(t=4.89,P<0.01)、生理功能(t=6.44,P<0.01)、生理职能(t=5.61,P<0.01)、活力(t=7.99,P<0.01)、躯体疼痛(t=6.00,P<0.01)、情感职能(t=10.74,P<0.01)和精神健康(t=4.42,P<0.01)评分显著高于常规组。结论:健康教育路径可明显改善T2DM患者血糖紊乱症状,增强其自护能力,改善焦虑、抑郁状况,提升生活质量,值得临床推广。

Objective：To explore the effect of pathway health education on life style,psychological burden and qual- ity of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）.Methods： A total of 94 cases of T2DM patients were ran- domly divided into two grotips.47 patients receiving routine health education were included into the routine group, while 47 patients receiving pathway health education were included into the pathway group.The blood glucose levels, self--care behavior, anxiety, depression and quality of life scores were compared between two groups before and after health education intervention.Results： After 6 months of intervention, FPG（t = 2.72, P 〈0.05 ）, 2hPG（t = 2.69, P〈0.01）and HbAlc（t=2.38, P % 0.05）were significantly lower in the pathway group than the routine group, while medication compliance（t = 2.80, P 〈0.01 ）, blood glucose monitoring（t = 15.24, P〈0.01 ）, diet control（t = 4.92, P〈0.01） ,exercise（t=11.72,P〈0.01）,foot care（t=lg.21,P〈O.O1）and the treatment of high and low blood glucose（t = 12.78, P % 0.01 ） were significantly higher than those in the routine group. HAMA score （ t = 7.87, P〈0.01 ） and H AMD score（t = 7.07, P 〈0.01 ）of the pathway group were significantly lower than those of the routine group, while scores of overall heaIth and quality of life（t ： 4.89, P〈0.01 ）, physiological function（t = 6.44, P 〈C0.01 ）, physiologi- cal role（t=5.61,P〈O.O1）,vitality（t=7.99;P〈O.O1）,body pain（t=6.00,P〈0.O1）,emotional function（t = 10.74, P〈0.01 ） and mental health （ t = 4.42, P 〈0.01 ） were significantly higher. Conclusion： Pathway health education can significantly relieve blood glucose disorders, enhance self--care ability, relieve anxiety and depression, and improve the quality of life of patients with T2DM.