引进种源印度黄檀优株选择及优良无性系选择与评价

Superior Plant and Clone Selection and Evaluation of Introduced Dalbergia sissoo Provenances

[目的]印度黄檀Dalbergia sissoo(Roxb.)是一种经济价值比较高的用材树种,对印度黄檀优株选择及优良无性系筛选,可以为印度黄檀优良品种选育提供理论指导和支持。[方法]本研究测定4种国外引进种源(N0、N2、I4和H6)印度黄檀母株株高和胸径,选择出20棵优株;并通过嫁接进行无性系苗木繁殖,测定2年生无性系苗木胸径和株高,比较分析了20个无性系株高和胸径,筛选出优良无性系用于印度黄檀优良品种选育。[结果]4个种源的印度黄檀母株株高和胸径变异系数较大,选择的20棵优株株高和胸径约等于或大于母株平均株高和胸径的130%;9和10号无性系株高和胸径均明显大于其它无性系,且变异系数远远小于母株;其次为12、18、19和20号无性系;9和10号优株,树干较直,胸径较大,超过母株平均值的170%;9和10号无性系株高和胸径均超过对照的130%,可作为优良无性系。[结论]本研究选择了20棵印度黄檀优株,并繁殖出20个无性系,筛选出9和10号作为优良无性系,用于之后的印度黄檀优良品种的选育。

[Objective] To select superior plant and clone of Dalbergia sissoo. [Method] The height and diameter at breast height （DBH） of mother plants of four introduced D. sissoo provenances were measured. Twenty trees were selected as superior plants; The clone seedlings were propagated by grafting, then the height and DBH were measured to find superior clones for selective breeding of good varieties for D. sissoo with comparative analysis height and DBH among the 20 clones. [Result] The height and DBH variable coefficient （VC） of mother plants of four D. sissoo provenances were very great, and both the height and DBH of the twenty selected superior plants were approximately equal to, or greater than 130% of the mean height and DBH of mother plants. The height and DBH of clone 9 and clone 10 were significantly greater than that of the other clones and the control, followed by clones 12, 19 and 20. The trunk was straight, and the DBH was large for superior plants 9 and 10, and the height and DBH of clones 9 and 10 were also 70% higher than the mean values of mother trees. The height and DBH of clones 9 and 10 were significantly higher than that of the other clones, and both 30% higher than the control. It is proved that clones 9 and 10 could be selected as superior clone.[Conclusion] Twenty superior plants were selected, and twenty clones were reproduced, and clones 9 and 10 were chosen as the superior clones for selective breeding of D. sissoo.