基于激光位移传感器的车轮踏面磨损检测技术研究

Research on Wheel Tread Wear Detection Technology Based on Laser Displacement Sensor

通过对车轮踏面轮廓特征和激光三角测量法的分析,确定了采用直射式激光位移传感器进行踏面测量的优化方案。针对踏面轮廓曲线斜率变化大,传感器测量光束入射角随测点位置不同而变化,从而引起测量误差的问题,对入射角与位移测量误差的关系进行实验研究,给出了位移测量误差随入射角的变化规律,为传感器倾斜安装提供了理论依据。在此基础上,设计制作了踏面检测装置,并对实际车轮踏面进行检测,测量结果与三维激光扫描仪的测量结果相对比,吻合较好,验证了检测装置的可行性和有效性,为实现产品化奠定了基础。

In this research,based on the analysis of the wheel tread profile and laser triangulation principle,the direct laser displacement sensor was chosen as an optimal scheme for tread measurement.As the slope of tread contour curve changes greatly and the incidence angle of the beam measured by the sensor changes with the measuring points,there would be some measurement errors.An experiment was carried out to examine the relationship between the angle of incidence and the measurement error of displacement,producing the change rule of how changes with,which provided theoretical basis for slanting installation of the sensor.On this basis,the wheel tread detector was designed and applied into practical measurement.It is found that the measurement results are greatly consistent with that of the 3 Dlaser scanner,thus the feasibility and effectiveness of the detection device is verified,laying a solid foundation for mass production.