社区计划免疫中常见不良反应的原因及护理对策

Causes of common adverse reactions in community planning immunization and its nursing countermeasures

目的通过对本镇儿童计划免疫接种疫苗进行针对性护理,探讨护理干预对社区计划免疫后不良反应的影响。方法选取接受疫苗接种的儿童1200名,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组600名。对照组儿童行常规疫苗接种,观察组儿童在常规接种的同时给予针对性预防接种护理干预,比较分析两组儿童接种后不良反应发生情况及不良反应程度分布情况。结果观察组儿童接种后不良反应发生率为3.50%,明显低于对照组的13.83%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组儿童不良反应程度分布情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对性预防接种护理能够减少不良反应发生率,减轻不良反应发生的程度,适用于社区计划免疫的工作中。

Objective To discuss the effect of nursing intervention on adverse reactions in community planning immunization. Methods A total of 1200 vaccinated children were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 600 cases in each group. The control group received routine vaccine inoculation, and the observation group received targeted vaccination and nursing intervention on the basis of routine vaccine inoculation. Comparison and analysis were made on occurrence of adverse reactions and distribution of adverse reaction degree between two groups. Results The observation group had obviously lower incidence of adverse reactions as 3.50% than 13.83% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The observation group had better distribution of adverse reactions degree than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Targeted vaccination can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions and reduce the degree of adverse reactions. It is suitable for the work of community planned immunization.