从做中学:基于具身认知的视角

Learning by Doing: Perspective from Embodied Cognition

具身认知是认知科学的发展方向,近来成为诠释高效学习机理的新视角。作为职业教育指导思想的"从做中学",在具身认知视角下被赋予新的意义。分析提出"从做中学"的历史背景,梳理实用主义理论脉络,在杜威教育哲学的经验概念中可以发现具身意识;对技能性知识研究而构建的体知合一认识论,强调身体与心灵的融合,是解释为什么要"从做中学"的理论基础;根据具身学习特点,通过技术的具身来建构具身学习环境,利用具身技术的使能作用创造学习者身体在场体验,是实施"从做中学"的最佳路径。

Embodied cognition is the direction of cognitive science development, it becomes new perspective to explain the mechanism of efficient learning recently. The saying ＂learning by doing＂ which is the vocational education guiding ideology will be endowed with new meaning by the perspective of embodied cognition. Embodied consciousness is found in the empirical concept of Dewey＇s educational philosophy,after analyzing historical background for ＂learning by doing＂ and carding theoretical skeleton of Pragmatism. The epistemology of embodiment which is constructed through researching the skillful knowledge emphasized the fusion of body and mind, it is the theories foundation for ＂learning by doing＂. According to the characteristics of embodied learning, it is the best route of ＂learning by doing＂ that building the embodied learning environment from the embodiment of technology and creating the present experience of body with the enabling effect of embodied technology.