烤烟群体产量构成与氮肥减量对烟株生长及经济性状的影响

Effect of Population Yield Structure and Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction on Growth and Economic Characters of Flue Cured Tobacco

【目的】为了研究群体产量构成与减量施氮对烤烟生育期、农艺性状和经济性状的影响。【方法】采用两因素随机区组设计的方法开展了大田试验。【结果】高密度低留叶数处理,烤烟能够较快的进入顶叶成熟期,大田生育期可比对照缩短6 d以上。高密度低留叶数设计降低了烟株本身的株高,改善了烟株受光环境,使叶面积系数更加适宜。高密度低留叶数下施60 kg/hm^2的氮肥,小幅提高了产值,显著提高了上等烟比例和均价。群体产量构成方式对上等烟比例、均价的影响要大于施氮量。【结论】在氮素背景较高的土壤上,采取提高种植密度减少单株留叶数,同时减少氮肥用量可缩短烤烟大田生育期、提高产值、上等烟比例和均价。

【Objective】The paper aims to study the effects of population yield structure and nitrogen reduction on flue-cured tobacco growth period,agronomic and economic characters.【Method】A field experiment was conducted based on two factor randomized block design.【Result】The results showed that the the treatment of high density and low remaining leaf numbers could enter the parietal mature period quickly,growth period can be shortened by 6 days or more than that of the control. The design of high density and low number of leaves reduced the plant height of the tobacco plant,improved the light environment of the tobacco plant,and made the leaf area coefficient more suitable. The application of 60 kg/hm^2 with high density and low retention leaves increased the output value,significantly increased the proportion and average price of high quality tobacco. To be greater than the amount of nitrogen fertilizer forms influence on tobacco leaves,average yield.【Conclusion】In the background of high soil nitrogen,by increasing the planting density reduced the number of leaves per plant,while reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer can shorten the growth period of flue-cured tobacco,improve the output value,first-class tobacco proportion and average price.