登革疫苗研发新进展

Advances in dengue vaccine development

登革病毒通过伊蚊传播给人类而致病。经过几十年研究,一个获批登革热嵌合疫苗终于问世。临床3期试验显示,该疫苗对预防有症状登革热的防治效果为60%。然而同时发现,接种该疫苗有可能引起未曾暴露过登革病毒的接种者增加患严重登革热的风险。WHO推荐这种疫苗的接种条件是登革热流行区人群的登革血清阳性率达到70%,才可使用这种疫苗。另一些疫苗分子也已进入临床1-3期试验。

Dengue virus, a positive-sense RNA virus, is one of the major human pathogens transmitted by mosquitoes. After decades of research, an approved tetravalent dengue vaccine is finally available. Phase 3 efficacy trials demonstrated that the approved dengue vaccine, chimeric yellow fever-dengue-tetravalent dengue vaccine, has an efficacy of 60% against dengue illness of any severity. However,among dengue unexposed recipients, vaccination offers limited efficacy and may increase dengue severity. The WHO consequently recommends dengue vaccination for populations in which 70% of intended recipients are dengue seropositive. Other vaccine molecules have also entered the 1-3 phase of clinical trials. We have summarized recently reported advances in dengue vaccine development.