后现代主义与斯图亚特时期的莎士比亚

Postmodernism and Shakespeare in Stuart Dynasty

莎士比亚作为现实主义大师,他最能感受时代脉搏的跳动。在他生命的后期,英国进入斯图亚特王朝时代,政治生态持续恶化,整个社会呈现出后现代去中心化和碎片化的特征,莎士比亚在这一时期的创作与他在伊丽莎白时代的创作相比发生了根本性的转变。特别是他在《安东尼与克莉奥佩特拉》中运用了一个悖论式的的短语(undoing doing),几乎所有的汉译本到此都跳过不译。实际上,这是莎士比亚为处理社会急剧动荡而采用的一种特殊的艺术策略,类似后现代二元对立的内爆,从而使他这一时期的作品展示了与他同时代作家截然不同的特点。

Shakespeare,as a master of realism,was most able to feel the pulse of the times. In the late of his life,Britain went into the Stuart dynasty. With its political ecology deterioration,the whole society showed the characteristics of postmodern decentralization and fragmentation. Compared with his works in Elizabethan time,Shakespeare＇s creation in this period has been in a fundamental shift,especially by using a paradox of ＂undoing doing＂in＂Anthony and Cleopatra＂,which was always skipped and never translated in most Chinese versions. In fact,it is a special kind of art strategy for Shakespeare to deal with the social turbulence,which is similar to the implosion of postmodern binary opposition,and distinguished greatly his works composed in Stuart from those by other writers.