我国资源型城市创新指数研究——以116个地级城市为例

A Study on the Innovation Index of Resource-based Cities in China:Taking 116 Cities at the Prefecture Level for Example

创新为推动资源型城市转型和城市持续发展提供了强大的动力。本文在构建资源型城市创新指数评价指标体系的基础上,以我国2014年116个资源型地级城市的数据为研究对象,采用熵值法对各个城市的创新指数及一级指标(创新环境、创新投入、创新产出、创新绩效)的得分及排序情况进行了详细的测算。结果表明:(1)我国资源型城市总体创新效果不理想,创新指数的平均得分较低,且一级指标的平均得分差异较大,其中,创新绩效指数的平均得分最高,创新环境指数的平均得分最低;(2)创新指数排名靠前、靠后的城市具有明显的区域集聚现象,较好的经济发展条件对创新效果的提升具有一定的推动作用,这一定程度上反映出资源型城市既有的经济基础以及经济发展的外部环境对于其创新存在着重要的积极影响;(3)不同成长阶段的城市创新指数存在较大的差别,其中,再生型城市创新发展情况最好,而衰退型城市的排名则正好相反。

Resource-based cities in China have played an important role in ensuring the ＂three carriages＂ and supporting the sustained and healthy development of our national economy as the strategic base for energy resources. Innovation can help to break through the bottleneck, promote industrial upgrading and provide a powei＇ful driving force to promote the transformation of resource-based cities and urban sustainable development during the transition period of supply-side reform. The construction of innovation index can measure our national and regional creativity in a scientific and objective way, so as to provide policy support for the transformation of resource-based cities. This article uses the entropy method to calculate the innovation index in various cities and their first-grade indicators （including innovation environment, innovation input, innovation output, and innovation performance） on the basis of constructing the evaluation index system of innovation index for resource-based cities, and of the data from China＇ s 116 resource-based cities at the prefecture level in 2014. The results show that China＇ s resource-based city overall innovation effect is neither ideal nor fair. Both the first and the last few cities on the innovation index ranking are obviously agglomeration areas. The existing economic basis of the resource-based cities and the external environment of their economic development have a significant positive effect on their innovation. And there exist obvious differences in various stages of development for the city innovation index.