武汉市儿童青少年屈光状态与眼轴/角膜曲率的相关性

Correlation between refractive errors with axial length to corneal radius of curvature ratio among children of Wuhan

目的分析屈光不正与屈光要素的相关关系,探索以屈光要素测量值对儿童青少年屈光状态进行预测分析,为有效改善儿童青少年视力提供参考。方法 2015年1月至2016年1月,在武汉市青少年视力低下防治中心进行视力检查的7~12岁儿童青少年共3 697例(7 394眼),对其作屈光度、眼轴长度、角膜曲率的测量。结果 7~12岁儿童屈光不正以轻度近视和远视为主,其中近视眼的患病率为37.80%,远视眼的患病率为26.06%。不同屈光组被试眼轴长度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),远视组眼轴较短,近视组眼轴较长。不同屈光组被试角膜曲率和眼轴/角膜曲率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示,在控制其他变量时,眼轴每变化1个单位,静态屈光度增加10.01个单位。结论眼轴/角膜曲率半径与屈光状态存在相关关系,可以作为评估群体屈光状态的敏感指标。

Objective To investigate the correlation between refractive error axial length to corneal radius of curvature among children and adolescents. Methods A total of 3 697 children（ 7 394 eyes） aged 7 to 12 years old were selected from Low Vision Prevention and Treatment Center in Wuhan during January 2015 to January 2016. Refractive information including diopter,axial length,corneal radius of curvature was collected and analyzed. Results The most common refractive error among 7-12 years old children was mild myopia and hyperopia. The prevalence of myopia and presbyopia was 37. 80% and 26. 06%,respectively.There were statistical significant differences of axial length between different groups. The children in presbyopia group is shorter than those in myopia group. significant differences of corneal radius of curvature and axial length to corneal radius of curvature in different groups. After controlling for possible covariates,the static refraction increases by 10. 01 unit with one unit increase in axial length/corneal radius. Conclusion Axial length to corneal radius of curvature ratio correlates with refraction error,could be a sensitive index for refractive status assessment.