极低出生体重儿PICC穿刺部位皮肤护理措施的改进

Improved intervention of skin care at PICC site for very low birth weight infants

目的改进PICC穿刺部位皮肤护理措施并探讨其在极低出生体重儿中的应用效果。方法便利选取护理措施改进前(2015年7月—2016年6月)住院且应用PICC的极低出生体重儿70例为对照组,护理措施改进后(2016年7月—2017年6月)住院且应用PICC的极低出生体重儿70例为实验组。实验组采用0.5%葡萄糖酸氯已定醇消毒,"三明治"固定法,按需更换敷料等措施,对照组采用常规护理,观察两组PICC穿刺点及周围皮肤发生浸渍、接触性皮炎、机械性损伤和毛囊炎、穿刺点感染的例次,计算PICC穿刺部位皮肤损伤的发生率。结果实验组PICC穿刺部位皮肤损伤的发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论改进后的护理措施可有效降低极低出生体重儿PICC穿刺部位皮肤损伤发生率,保证患儿的安全。

Objective To discuss the application effect of improved intervention of skin care at PICC site for very low birth weight infants. Methods By convenience sampling method,70 cases admitted from July 2015 to June 2016 were selected as the control group,other 70 cases admitted from July 2016 to June 2017 were selected as the experimental group. The control group was applied with conventional nursing,while the experimental group was applied with improved intervention. Skin damage around PICC insertion site was observed and compared between two groups. Results The incidence rate of PICC site with skin injury in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The improved intervention for the very low birth weight infants with PICC can significantly reduce the incidence rate of PICC site with skin injury,and guarantee the safety of infants.