2010-2016年十堰市羁押场所在押人员HIV/STI感染及相关知信行调查

Survey of HIV/STI infection among detainees and analysis of their knowledge,attitude and behavior in Shiyan city,Hubei province from 2010 to 2016

目的:掌握在押在教人员艾滋病性病感染及艾滋病知识知晓状况,为确定今后干预策略提供依据。方法:对十堰市近7年在押在教人员艾滋病性病监测和问卷调查资料进行统计分析。结果:共调查的18 364人,HIV感染率为0.09%(17/18 364),性病患病率为3.13%(574/18 364);其中吸毒人群HIV感染率8.62%(15/174),性乱人群HIV感染率0.03%(2/7 294),其它高危人群和无高危行为人员均未检出HIV-抗体阳性者。在吸毒人群中,共用注射器占注射吸毒的97.89%(139/142),性乱人群中,使用过安全套的比例占98.00%(7 148/7 294),而经常使用的占70.59%(5 149/7 294);艾滋病知识回答正确率在7.11%-93.84%之间,对艾滋病病毒感染者和病人态度正向回答率分别为30.33%、40.76%。结论:"知行分离"现象较严重。应将注射吸毒和性乱人群作为十堰市艾滋病防治的重点人群,加大其预防艾滋病基本知识和技能的宣传教育力度,开发科学、适宜的与目标人群行为改变密切的核心知识,采用生动与互动的宣传方式,强化健康是人的第一财富观念,消除目标人群认识上的误区,促进其高危行为改变,同时积极营造全社会关心爱护艾滋病感染者/病人的良好氛围,从根本上消除社会歧视。

Objective To know about the HIV/STI infection situation among detainees and the awareness of HIV among the detainees to provide reference for controlling strategies of HIV infection.Methods Statistical analysis was made of the HIV/STI surveillance and the questionnaire results of the detainees in the past 7 years.Results A total of18 364 detainees were included.The HIV infection rate was 0.09%（17/18 364）,and the STD infection rate was 3.13%（574/18 364）.The rates of infected HIV among drug users and promiscuity population were 8.62%（15/174）and0.03%（2/7 294）,respectively.Other high risk groups and those without high-risk behaviors were HIV-negative.Among drug users 97.89%（139/142）shared one injection syringe with others.Among promiscuity population 98.00%（7 148/7 294）used condoms,and those who often used condoms accounted for 70.59%（5 149/7 294）.The accuracy rate of HIV knowledge was between 7.11%-93.84%,and the rates of positive response to and attitude for HIV infected person and HIV patient were 30.33% and 40.76%,respectively.Conclusions The detainees only knew about HIV but didn＇t know how to protect themselves.We should consider drug users and promiscuity population as key population for HIV control,strengthen the basic knowledge and know-how publicity of HIV among the detainees,develop scientific,suitable and kernel knowledge for changing the behavior of high-risk population,adopt lively and interactive ways of publicity to strengthen the concept that health is the best treasure,clear up the misunderstanding of high-risk group and transform their behavior,meanwhile,build the atmosphere of caring for HIV infected person/patient in the society and eliminate social discrimination.