蚂蟥性腺及生殖细胞周年发育的组织学研究

Histological study of annual cycle of gonad and germ cell development of Whitmania pigra

采用组织切片和电镜技术,对蚂蟥生殖系统及生殖细胞的发生过程进行观察。结果表明：蚂蟥具有完全独立的雌雄生殖系统,11个月为1个生殖周期;精巢先于卵巢发育,当卵细胞仅为原始生殖细胞团时,精子已经初步具备了完整的形态,精细胞和卵细胞有序发育同步成熟;根据精细胞和卵细胞的发育情况,将精巢发育分为增殖期（1~3月龄）、生长期（4~5月龄）、休眠期（6~8月龄）、成熟期（9月龄）、排放期（10月龄）和退化期（11月龄）共6个时期,将卵巢的发育分为形成期（1~2月龄）、增殖期（3~4月龄）、生长期（5~8月龄）、成熟期（9月龄）、排放期（10月龄）、休止期（11月龄）共6个时期。结论：蚂蟥是＂同步性雌雄同体＂动物,精卵巢发育各有6个分期,精卵细胞有序发育同步成熟。

The reproductive system and gonad development and germ cell occurrence of Whitmania pigra have been studied by using tissue section electron microscope techniques. W. pigra has completely independent male and female reproduction system,which lasts 11 months. The development of spermary started before the development of ovary. When egg cell is only a primordial germ cell,sperm has an initially complete form. Meanwhile,sperm cells and egg cells orderly development and synchronously mature. According to the development of sperm cells and egg cells,the development of cycle of the spermary could be divided into 6 stages： proliferating stage（1-3 months of age）,growing stage（4-5 months of age）,resting stage（6-8 months of age）,maturing stage（9 months of age）,spawning stage（ 10 months of age） and degradation stage（ 11 months of age）. The development of cycle of the ovary could be divided into 6 stages： forming stage（ 1-2 months of age）,proliferating stage（ 3-4 months of age）,growing stage（ 5-8 months of age）,maturing stage（ 9 months of age）,spawning stage（ 10 months of age） and resting stage（ 11 months of age）. W. pigra is a synchronous hermaphrodite animal,the development of cycle of the spermary and ovary each has six stages,sperm cells and egg cells orderly development and synchronously mature.