多灶性磨玻璃影肺腺癌的临床及分子特征

The Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Adenocarcinoma Presented by Multi-focal GGO

随着人们对肺癌早期筛查的重视,肺多发磨玻璃影(multiple ground glass opacities,GGOs)的检出率逐年增高,以GGOs为表现的多灶肺腺癌也逐渐成为临床研究热点。其更多见于女性、非吸烟者,且无论是自然病程还是手术后的患者均有极佳预后。独特的临床特征提示其很可能是相对独立的一种疾病形式。从分子遗传学路径对其的探究发现,同一个体内的多个病灶间极可能有截然不同的克隆性特征,因此遗传异质性(genetic heterogeneity)是以GGOs为表现多灶肺腺癌最显著的分子遗传学特征。此特征可辅助原发多灶肺腺癌与肺癌肺内转移的鉴别诊断,也提示了对病灶进行分子遗传学检测的治疗意义。部分呈现出遗传相似性的GGOs病灶为气腔播散转移(spread through air spaces,STAS)理论提供了新的证据。

Due to emphasis on early screening for lung cancer, the detection rate of multiple ground glass opacities （GGOs） on computed tomography （CT） image increases in recent years, and research on multifocal adenocarcinomas presented by GGOs has been thriving. It is more common in women and non-smokers and has excellent prognosis both in patients with natural history and after surgery. These clinical features suggest that it is likely to be a distinct disease entity. From the perspective of molecular genetics, lesions in the same individual are likely to have distinct clonal features. Therefore, genetic heterogeneity is the most prominent feature of multifocal pulmonary adenocarcinomas with GGOs. The genetic heterogeneity is expected to assist the diagnosis ofmultifocal pulmonary adenocarcinoma and intrapulmonary metastasis, and also suggests that genetic testing of the GGO lesions is of great therapeutic significance. Some GGO lesions may harvest the similar clonal feature, which provide new evidence for the theory of spread through air spaces （STAS）.