不锈钢的药芯焊丝焊接过程中熔滴过渡行为分析

Analysis on Droplet Transfer Behavior during Flux-core Wire Welding of Stainless Steel

采用高速摄像与电信号同步分析系统分析不锈钢药芯焊丝焊接过程中的熔滴过渡和电流电压波形特点。结果发现,当电流为150 A时,焊接时容易出现短路过渡,引起飞溅,电弧形态不太稳定,主要过渡方式为非轴向大滴排斥过渡;随着电流增大,电弧趋于稳定,飞溅明显减少,表面张力对熔滴过渡起一定作用;当电流达到240 A时,无短路过渡现象发生,几乎无飞溅产生,电弧形态基本保持不变,焊接过程稳定。焊接过程中焊丝与熔池间形成的渣柱有助于熔滴脱离焊丝进入熔池。

The characteristics of the droplet transfer and waveforms of current and voltage during flux-core wire welding of stainless steel were analyzed by using the synchronous analysis system of high-speed video camera and electrical signal. The results show that when the current is 150 A, the short circuiting transition is prone to occur, splash causes, and the arc shape is unstable. The droplet transfer mode is mainly nonaxial large droplet rejection transition. When the current increases, the arc is prone to be stable and the spatter decreases. The surface tension plays a role in the droplet transfer. When the current is 240 A, there is no short circuiting transition and almost no splash, the arc shape remains unchanged, and the welding process is stable. The formation of slag between the wire and the molten pool is helpful for the molten metal to drop into the weld pool.