基于小型爆燃发生装置的温度传感器动态特性标定

Dynamic Characteristics Calibration of Temperature Sensor Based on Miniaturized Deflagrating Generation Equipment

针对现有基于激波管及热风洞的温度传感器动态特性标定方法存在装置体积大、成本高、阶跃幅度小或边沿斜率低等缺点,提出了一种以自反应物质热分解瞬间释放大量气体为基础,通过压力膜片破裂产生高速爆燃气流的温度传感器动态特性标定方法,建立了标定过程非稳态传热模型,分析了影响标定结果的重要因素,设计了相应的小型化标定装置。仿真结果显示,该方法所获时间常数与气流流速呈负相关,与阶跃温度幅度呈正相关关系;实验结果表明,该方法可以实现几十毫秒级时间常数温度传感器动态特性标定,对应用于高压、强对流的温度传感器动态特性标定及选型具有较高的实用价值。

The existing temperature sensor dynamic characteristics calibration methods based on the shock tube and the hot wind tunnel have the shortcomings of large size,high cost,small temperature step amplitude or low edge slope.Aiming at these shortcomings,a novel calibration method was proposed based on the phenomenon that chemicals autocatalytic decomposition produce lots of gas transiently and diaphragm rupture generates deflagrating pulsed airflow.The corresponding miniaturized calibration equipment was designed with the advantages of high temperature step amplitude and steep step edge.Through modelling the unsteady-state heat transfer during the calibration process,the influence factors of this calibration method were analyzed mathematically.The simulation results show that the time constants are negatively correlated with the flow velocities and positively correlated with the temperature step magnitudes.The experimental results show that this method and equipment can be used to calibrate the dynamic characteristics of the temperature sensors with tens of millisecond time constants.It is valuable for temperature sensor dynamic characteristics calibration and selection used in high pressure and strong convection field temperature measurement applications.