中外惩治学术不端行为对策的比较与启示

Comparison and Enlightenment of Punishing Academic Misconduct in China and Foreign Countries

学术不端行为在国内外均有发生,且呈现上升趋势。我国主要是通过出台各种文件规范学术不端行为,但收效甚微。国外对于学术不端行为,主要通过成立专门的监督机构、法律的制裁、加强学者自律和制定相关制度准则等予以规范,均有一定成效。通过不同对策的对比,我国应通过成立监督机构、加强学术道德教育、加强舆论监督、加大惩罚力度等方式规范学术不端行为。

Academic misconduct has occurred at home and abroad, and presents an increasing trend. Our country mainly regulates academic misconduct by issuing various documents, but with little effect. As far as foreign countries are concerned, some measures have been adopted, such as the establishment of special supervision organizations, the sanction of law, the strengthening of aca- demic self-discipline and the formulation of relevant systems and guidelines, all of which have achieved certain results. Through the comparison of different countermeasures, we should strengthen the edueationof academic ethics, expand the supervision of public opinions, and increase the punishment level, etc. , to regulate academic misconduct.