基于回收和再制造渠道选择的制造/再制造生产决策

Manufacturing/remanufacturing decision based on selection of recycling and remanufacturing channel

为了揭示回收和再制造渠道选择对制造/再制造决策的影响,分析了不同再制造渠道结构下再制造产品对顾客的新产品感知价值的促进或抑制作用,重构了3种不同回收和再制造渠道结构下新产品和再制造产品的需求函数,建立了相应的制造/再制造优化模型,得到了其最优生产和定价决策,并给出了3种回收和再制造渠道结构下原始设备制造商(OEM)利润占优的条件。研究结果表明,在M模式下,再制造产品对顾客的新产品感知价值的抑制作用会降低新产品和再制造产品的销售价格及新产品的生产数量,且OEM的利润会随抑制作用的增加而持续下降;在S模式和C模式下,再制造产品对顾客的新产品感知价值的促进作用会使OEM和独立的第三方再制造商(IO)分别提高新产品和再制造产品的销售价格,由于OEM在S模式下能够控制废旧产品的回收数量,其生产的新产品数量会增加,且OEM、IO和再制造系统的利润会随着促进作用的增加而持续增加;在C模式下,OEM为了缓解再制造产品对新产品市场的竞食,会减少新产品的生产,其利润随着促进作用的增加先增后减;当抑制和促进作用较小时,OEM应该选择进行再制造。当抑制和促进作用较大时,若自身回收渠道较为完善,OEM应该选择自己回收,并交由IO来完成再制造。

To reveal the influence of recycling and remanufacturing channel＇s selection on manufacturing/remanufacturing decision,the negative or positive effects of remanufactured products on customers＇perceived value of new products were analyzed in different remanufacturing channel＇s structures,and the demand functions of new and remanufactured products were reconstructed under three kinds of structures about recycling and remanufacturing channel.To get the optimal production and pricing decisions,three manufacturing/remanufacturing optimization models were proposed,and the conditions of Original Equipment Manufacturer（OEM）＇s profits dominance were derived.The results showed that the negative effect of remanufactured products on customers＇new product perceived value would reduce the sale price of new and remanufactured products,and the quantity of new products in Model M.Meanwhile,the profit of OEM would decrease with the negative effect.In Model S and Model C,the sale price of new and remanufactured products would be increased due to the positive effect of remanufactured products on customers＇new products perceived value.Since the recovery amounts of used products could be controlled by OEM,the quantity of new products would increase in Model S,and the profits of OEM,IO and remanufacturing system would increase with the positive effect.In Model C,OEM decreased the quantity of new products to alleviate the cannibalization of remanufactured products.With the positive effect increasing,the profit of OEM increased first and then decreased.When the negative and positive effects were relative small,OEM should remanufacture the usedproducts.Otherwise,OEM should recycle the used products and transfer them to IO if the recovery channels were relatively complete.