我国农村集体产权制度改革试点:做法、成效及推进对策

System Reform of Rural Collective Property Rights in Pilot Projects:Approaches,Effectiveness,and Countermeasures

本文对大兴、闵行、南海等12个试点县（市、区）进行调查研究,对改革主体、客体、股权设置和管理、股份权能赋予、政社分离等方面做出经验性总结。改革面临着集体经济组织成员结构复杂、资格认定难度大、大多数村庄＂政社分离＂条件尚不成熟、激励机制不健全、组织成员获得感有待加强、改革细则亟需从法律层面认定等问题。本文根据这些问题提出了建立健全法律法规、健全监管机制、加强政策配套支持以及探索发展壮大农村集体经济的有效途径等对策。

The report of the Nineteenth Party Congress and the Central Rural Work Conference in 2017 have paid great attention to the promotion of the rural collective property rights system reform. This paper investigates the pilot reforms in 12 counties（ cities,districts）,including Daxing,Minhang,and Nanhai,etc.,andsummarizes the reform experience in the subjects,objectsofthe reform,equity setup and management,granting of share rights,and separation of government and cooperation. In addition,the reform also faces challenges,suchas the complexity of members structure of the collective economic organization,the difficulty in qualification determination,the immatureprevailing conditions for the separation of government and cooperation in most villages,the imperfect incentive mechanism,the need to strengthen the sense of membership of the organization,and the need for reform rules to be recognized in the legal level. Based on the above issues,the paper proposes countermeasures such as the establishment of sound laws,regulationsand regulatory mechanism,strengthen support of thepolicy,and exploring effective ways to develop and expand the rural collective economy.