实时定量PCR发展概述

The development of real-time quantitative PCR technology

实时定量聚合酶链反应(real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,简称qPCR)是一种通过荧光信号对PCR进程进行实时监测,并对未知模板进行定量分析的一种核酸定量技术,该技术在临床诊断和生命科学等多领域发挥着重要的作用。现就生物制品领域有着重要应用价值的中介探针聚合酶链反应(mediator probe polymerase chain reaction,MP PCR)和数字聚合酶链反应(digital polymerase chain reaction,dPCR)新技术加以介绍,同时也对qPCR技术中的关键因素(如参考基因选择和核酸质量评价)以及qPCR最低限度标准(minimum information for the publication of real-time quantitative PCR,MIQE)指南作一概述。

Real-time quantitative PCR （qPCR） is a technique that real-time monitors PCR process by fluorescence signal and quantitatively analyzes unknown templates. This technique plays an increasingly important role in many fields, such as clinical diagnosis and life science. This article focuses on the introduction of PCR （MP PCR） and digital PCR （dPCR） , which have important application value in the field of biologics. At the same time, the MIQE guide for real-time quantitative PCR technology and the key factors are introduced respectively, in determining the experiment-target gene selection and the purity and integrity evaluation of nucleic acid.