贵州省规模猪场伪狂犬病免疫和感染情况调查

Investigation on Immunization and Infection Status of Pseudorabies in Some Large-scale Swine Farms of Guizhou Province

为摸清贵州省规模猪场伪狂犬病免疫与野毒感染情况,利用g E-ELISA方法,对从贵州省181个规模猪场采集的3 192份猪血清样品进行抗体检测。结果显示:129个规模场存在伪狂犬病阳性样品,场点阳性率为71.27%(129/181),检出538份阳性样品,样品阳性率为16.85%(538/3 192)。其中:种猪场场点阳性率为64.29%(18/28),样品阳性率为30.81%(65/211);免疫猪场场点阳性率为51.39%(25/47),样品阳性率为9.20%(110/1 196);其他猪场场点阳性率为81.13%(86/106),样品阳性率为20.34%(363/1 785)。对从26个免疫猪场采集的1 061份样品进行g B-ELISA抗体检测,发现场点免疫抗体阳性率为100%(26/26),样品阳性率为60.79%(645/1 061)。对来自屠宰场等16个监测场点的179份扁桃体样品进行伪狂犬病病毒荧光PCR检测,检出1份阳性样品。调查结果表明,贵州省规模猪场存在伪狂犬病野毒感染且隐性带毒情况较为严重;疫苗免疫虽有一定的免疫效果,但个体免疫抗体阳性率不高。调查结果提示,贵州省应加强PRV野毒检测,掌握病毒基因变异情况,科学调整免疫程序,从而为全省规模猪场的伪狂犬病净化奠定基础。

In order to recognize the immunization and infection status of Pseudorabies virus（PRV）in some largescale swine farms of Guizhou Province,a total of 3 192 serum samples from 181 large-scale farms were detected using g E-ELISA kits. The results showed that g E antibody positive samples were found in 129 farms,the positive rate of the farms was 71.27%（129/181）. There were a total of 538 positive samples,with the positive rate of 16.85%（538/3192）. Among these farms,the g E antibody positive rate of the breeding farms was 64.29%（18/28）and the positive rate of samples was 30.81%（65/211）. For the vaccinated farms,the g E antibody positive rate at farm level was 51.39%（25/47）and the sample positive rate was 9.20%（110/1 196）. The positive rate of other farms was 81.13%（86/106）,the sample positive rate was 20.34%（363/1 785）. A total of 1 061 samples from 26 vaccinated farms were synchronously tested by g B-ELISA kits. It was found that the g B antibody positive rate at farms level was 100%（26/26）,and the positive rate at individual level was 60.79%（645/1 061）. Besides,a total of 179 tonsil samples were collected from 16 monitoring sites such as slaughterhouses to carry out the fluorescent PCR detection,and one positive sample was detected. As a conclusion,there was wild-type PRV infection in large-scale swine farms in Guizhou Province,and the recessive infection was relatively serious. Although the vaccine immunization had positive effect,the positive rate of g B antibody at individual level was not high. According to the results,it was recommended to strengthen the detection of wild-type PRV,master the genetic variation of virus and scientifically adjust the immunization procedure,so as to lay a solid foundation for PRV purification in the whole province.