论列宁的文化思想

On Lenin's Cultural Thoughts

列宁的文化思想举其荦荦大端者,有外部灌输理论、坚持党性、定义无产阶级文化,以及倡导文化革命等诸多方面。列宁认为工人阶级受其历史条件限制,不可能自身发展出社会主义理论,必须有外来的先进革命理论来加以引导。故无产阶级文化绝非空穴来风,而是在资产阶级文化和以往一切文化传统的基础上发展而来。它必须坚持党性,不宜走向波格丹诺夫等人的马赫主义无产阶级文化独立论。在列宁看来,谈论文化首先在于推广教育,提高国民素质。唯其如此,文化革命可期迎来丰实成果。对此,我们可以旗帜鲜明地命名为列宁主义。

Lenin＇s cultural thoughts had been based on the principles of external indoctrination, adherence to party spirit, definition of proletarian culture, and promotion of the cultural revolution. Lenin believed that the working class, limited by its historical conditions, cannot develop socialist theory on its own. It must have external guidance in the form of ad- vanced revolutionary theory. Therefore, the proletarian culture is by no means groundless. It is based on the bourgeois culture and all previous cultural traditions. It must adhere to the party spirit, and should not follow the path of Machian proletarian cultural independence theory of Bogdanov and others. In Lenin＇s view, the first thing to talk about culture is to promote education, and to improve the quality of the people. Only in this way, can the cultural revolution usher in fruitful resuits. In this regard, we can name it as Leninism in the most affirmative manner.