环糊精超分子凝胶的构筑及其功能

Construction and Functions of Supramolecular Cyclodextrin Gels

环糊精作为一种具有良好的水溶性和生物兼容性的大环主体,因其对无机、有机和生物底物的特异性键合而倍受关注。凝胶材料则凭借其结合了固体弹性以及液体流动性等特性而有着广泛的应用。环糊精超分子凝胶融合了环糊精和凝胶的优势,在软材料领域研究中有着特殊的重要意义。本文从环糊精凝胶的构筑出发,从氢键、主-客体键合和离子相互作用等方面对其形成超分子凝胶的驱动力进行讨论,并对超分子凝胶在生物、检测、吸附及智能材料(包括滑动环类材料)领域的最新研究进展进行综述,为构筑新型环糊精超分子凝胶、开发该类凝胶的新功能提供参考。最后,对环糊精超分子凝胶的应用前景进行了展望。

Cyclodextrin, as a good water-soluble and biocompatible macrocycle, has attracted much attention due to its specific bonding with inorganic/organic/biological substrates. While combining the advantages of solid＇ s elasticity and liquid＇ s mobility, the gels are widely applied in many fields. The supramolecular gels based on cyclodextrin stand out in the field of soft materials due to the integration of the advantages of cyclodextrin and gel, Therefore, this review embarking upon the construction of cyclodextrin gels, discusses the driving force of their formation such as hydrogen bonding, host-guest bonding and ion interaction. Then the latest research on the functions of supramolecular cyclodextrin gels including biological/sensing/adsorption/smart materials including sliding materials are reviewed, which provide an outlook for the construction and functions of new cyclodextrin gels. Finally, the development and application of cyclodextrin gel materials are discussed and prospected.