面部软组织损伤行急诊整形术患者的心理情况及术前护理措施对术中心身反应的影响分析

Influence of psychological condition and preoperative nursing measures on the body reaction of patients with facial soft tissue injury undergoing emergency plastic surgery

目的分析面部软组织损伤行急诊整形术患者的心理情况分析,总结心理分析结果引导的术前护理措施对手术过程中患者心身反应影响效果。方法选择2017年7月~2018年1月我院急诊接收的面部软组织损伤患者60例,纳入观察组,接受常规护理和加强的术前心理护理。将2016年7月~2017年6月我院收治的面部软组织损伤患者60例,纳入对照组,接受常规护理。分析两组患者的入院心理情况及术中心身反应。结果两组患者心理状态分布相似,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),焦虑和忧郁发生率最高,其余依次为自责、恐惧、敌意。两组患者突出心理情况中外观担忧发生率最高,其次为功能担忧,手术担忧最低。观察组术中焦虑恐惧21.7%低于对照组43.3%、肌肉高张力25.0%低于对照组38.3%、安全感76.7%高于对照组60.0%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组舒适感58.3%与对照组51.7%比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论通过分析面部软组织损伤行急诊整形术患者的心理可及时掌握患者的心理变化趋势,并指导个性化的护理措施,从而降低术中不良的心身反应,有助于手术的顺利进行。

Objective To analyze the psychological situation of patients with facial soft tissue injury in emergency plastic surgery, and to summarize the effect of preoperative nursing measures guided by psychological analysis on the patient＇s psychosomatic reaction during the operation. Methods 60 cases of facial soft tissue injury received in our hospital from July 2017 to January 2018 were selected and included in the observation group, receiving routine nursing and strengthening preoperative psychological nursing. 60 cases of facial soft tissue injury admitted to our hospital from July 2016 to June 2017 were included in the control group and received routine nursing. The psychological status of the two groups of patients and the body reaction were analyzed. Results The distribution of mental state in the two groups was similar, the difference was not statistically significant（P〈0.05）, the incidence of anxiety and melancholy was the highest, and the others were self reproach, fear and hostility in turn. The two groups of patients had the highest incidence of appearance anxiety, followed by functional concerns and the lowest surgical concern. The anxiety and fear in the observation group was 21.7% lower than that of the control group（43.3%）, the muscle tension 25% was 25% lower than the control group（38.3%）, and the safety 76.7% was 76.7% higher than the control group（60%）. The difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in comfort between observation group 58.3% and control group 51.7%（P〉0.05）. Conclusion The psychological change trend of patients with facial soft tissue injury in emergency plastic surgery can be timely mastered and individualized nursing measures can be guided to reduce the bad psychosomatic reaction in the operation and help to carry out the operation smoothly.