国家精品在线开放课程认定的实证分析

Empirical Analysis of Affirmation of National Boutique Online Open Courses

2017年12月,教育部公布了2017年国家精品在线开放课程的认定结果。从课程论的视角并结合访谈和问卷调查对首批国家精品在线开放课程进行分析发现,具有分布相对集中、提供精品优质学习资源、团队教学、评价方式多样以及选课人数众多等特点。但同时存在着突出问题:分布不均衡,包括高校之间认定的国家精品在线开放课程数量差别较大,大多数课程为东部地区高校开设,文科课程偏多;"双一流"建设高校在课程入选数量上存在着显著差异;交互的数量和质量都有待提升,缺乏见面课以及考核方式有待改善等。因此,国家精品在线开放课程的建设和发展可采取以下对策措施:促进均衡发展,改善交互,安排一定的见面课,鼓励团队和不同职称教师开设慕课,鼓励"远程学习+本地辅导教师+学分转换"的教学模式,建立系统的国家标准供相关人员和组织参考。

Certification result of national boutique online open courses is announced by Chinese Ministry of Education in December, 2017. The first 468 undergraduate courses chosen are analyzed from the perspective of curriculum theory, combining with interviews and questionnaires. The accredited courses are characterized by relatively centralized distribution, high-quality learning resources, team teaching, the variety of evaluation methods of the course, high amount of students in MOOC, etc. But there are also many problems： unbalanced distribution, including big difference in the amount of courses among the different chosen colleges, regional difference——the establishment of large proportion of courses by eastern colleges and large proportion of liberalarts curriculum. And ＂Double First-Class＂ constructing colleges and universities have significant difference in the quantity of chosen courses. There are also inadequate quantity and quality of interaction, lack of meet class and inadequate assessment method. Therefore, the construction and development of National Boutique Online Open Courses should take the following countermeasures： some advice is put forward, including promoting balanced development, improving interaction, encouraging teams and teachers of different titles to offer MOOC,improving teaching model and encouraging the teaching model of Distance Learning, Local Tutor and Credit Conversion and building systemic national standards offering reference for related personnel and organizations.