华南沿海地区近江牡蛎重金属污染调查与评价

Investigation and assessment on heavy metals in Ostrea rivularis from the coast of South China Sea

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)对2016年12月在华南沿海地区采集的近江牡蛎软体部及不同组织中Cd、Al、Pb、Hg、Cu和Zn等重金属含量进行分析,讨论了内脏团对牡蛎重金属含量的影响,并运用单因子污染评价指数法和尼梅罗污染指数法对检测结果进行评价。结果表明,华南沿海地区近江牡蛎中重金属含量存在显著的地区分布差异(p<0.001),且同一海域不同种类重金属元素含量也具有明显的差异,其中Zn、Cu、Al含量较高,其平均值分别为255.18、49.61、82.55 mg/kg,Hg含量最低,其平均值为11.80μg/kg。内脏团是重金属的主要蓄积部位,除去内脏团后,Cd、Pb、Hg、Al、Cu含量比牡蛎整体略低,Zn含量则略高,且不同组织重金属含量具有差异性;被检地区近江牡蛎中未受到Pb、Hg污染,部分地区Cu、Al含量较高。

The heavy metals of Cd,Al,Pb,Hg,Cu,Zn were analyzed in different tissues of Ostrea rivularis from South China Sea in December,2016. Coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ ICP-MS） was used in the detecting,and the effect of visceral mass on the heavy metals were discussed. Single factor pollution index and Nemero pollution index were used to evaluate the test results. The results showed that there were significant differences of heavy mental contents in Ostrea rivularis from different areas（ p〈0. 001）,and the content of heavy mental in the same sea area also showed different. The Zn,Cu and Al contents were higher than others,and the average concentrations were 255. 18,49. 61 and 82. 55 mg/kg,respectively. The average contents Hg was 11. 80 μg/kg which was the lowest. The contents of Cd,Pb,Hg,Al and Cu in eviscerated Ostrea Rivularis was lower than those of the whole,while the Zn content was higher than that of the whole Ostrea rivularis. It was found that the heavy mental contents in different tissues of Ostrea rivularis were varied,and visceral mass was the main accumulation place of heavy metals. Ostrea rivularis have not been polluted by Pb and Hg from the tested areas,while Cu and Al contents in some Ostrea rivularis were high.