呼伦贝尔草甸草原常见牧草矿物元素动态变化

Dynamic Change of Minerals in Common Herbages of Meadow Grassland in Hulunber Region

以改良后的呼伦贝尔草甸草原为研究区域,分析常见牧草中Ca、Mg、Mn和Zn元素含量及变化特征,并比较矿物元素在牧草不同部位间的转移效率。结果表明,矿物元素在不同牧草及月份间的含量存在较大差异。Ca在细叶白头翁中平均含量最高,在羊草中平均含量最低;Mg在地榆中平均含量最高,在日阴菅中平均含量最低;Mn在地榆中平均含量最高,在羊草中平均含量最低;Zn在艾蒿中平均含量最高,在无芒雀麦中平均含量最低。相同土壤环境下,无芒雀麦对元素的吸收效率由高到低分别为Zn、Ca、Mn和Mg,羊草则分别为Ca、Zn、Mg和Mn;矿物元素在牧草根、茎、叶中的分布存在较大差异,且不同元素在牧草不同部位的变化趋势不同;矿物元素在无芒雀麦和羊草中的转移效率各不相同,并随着月份变化而波动。在以羊草、无芒雀麦为优势种的改良草甸草原上,草地植被中Ca、Mn和Zn的含量较低,维持一定比例的优质杂类草有利于改善草地植被中矿物元素含量。

The study aims to analyze the content and variation characteristics of minerals including Ca,Mg,Mn and Zn in common herbages and compare the transfer efficiency of minerals among soil,root,stem and leaves of different herbages on the improved meadow grassland.The results showed that the content of minerals among different herbages and months had large differences.The mean concentration of Ca was the highest in Pulsatilla turczaninovii and lowest in Leymuschinensis,Mg was the highest in Sanguisorba officinalis and lowest in Carex pediformis,Mn was the highest in Sanguisorba officinalis and lowest in Leymus chinensis,and Zn was the highest in Artemisia argyi and lowest in Bromusinermis.With the same soil conditions,the absorption efficiency of Bromus inermis for minerals from high to low was Zn,Ca,Mn and Mg,while in Leymus chinensis,the order from high to low was Ca,Zn,Mg and Mn.The distribution of minerals had large differences among root,stem and leaves of herbages,and the variation tendency of different minerals among different part of herbages was also different.The transfer efficiency of minerals was different between Bromus inermis and Leymus chinensis,and fluctuated with the change of months.On the improved meadow where Bromus inermis and Leymus chinensis were the dominant species,the contents of Ca,Mn and Zn in plant community were low,and maintaining a certain proportion of high quality forbs was benefit to improve the content of minerals in plant community.