焦作地区空巢老年2型糖尿病患者饮食管理与周围神经病变调查分析

Investigation and analysis of diet management and peripheral neuropathy in empty nest elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jiaozuo

目的了解焦作市空巢老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者饮食管理与周围神经病变的发生情况,分析二者之间的关系,为防治提供参考。方法抽取河南省焦作市空巢老年T2DM患者2577例为调查对象,使用2型糖尿病饮食知识-信念-行为问卷(DKAP)和密西根糖尿病性周围神经病变评分表(MDNS)对患者进行调查分析。结果共对2 475例患者进行有效调查,分析结果显示,空巢老年T2DM患者DKAP总分平均为(34.26±7.95)分,基本营养知识得分平均为(14.47±3.82)分、对采取营养措施的态度得分平均为(8.04±2.71)分,行为特征得分平均为(11.68±3.28)分;MDNS总分平均为(11.42±5.77)分,其中MDNS总分>6分2 252例,占90.99%。空巢老年T2DM糖尿病患者基本营养知识得分、对采取营养措施的态度得分、行为特征得分以及DKAP总分和周围神经病变感觉评分、腱反射评分、肌力评分及总分均呈现负相关(P<0.05)。结论空巢老年T2DM患者整体饮食管理水平较低,周围神经病变发生风险较高,饮食管理水平与周围神经病变的发生密切相关。

Objective To investigate the occurrence of diet management and peripheral neuropathy in the empty nest elderly patients with type 2 diabetes（ T2 DM） in Jiaozuo,and to analyze the relationship between them and provide reference for the prevention and treatment. Methods 2577 cases of empty nest elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in Jiaozuo of Henan Province were selected,which were investigated by the diet knowledge-belief-Behavior Questionnaire（ DKAP） and the Michigan diabetic peripheral neuropathy score（ MDNS）. Results A total of 2475 patients were investigated effectively. The results showed that the average DKAP score of the empty nest elderly T2 DM patients was（ 34. 26 ± 7. 95） points,the average score of basic nutrition knowledge was（ 14. 47 ± 3. 82） points,and the average scores on nutrition measures were（ 8. 04 ± 2. 71） points,and the average score of behavioral characteristics was（ 11. 68 ± 3. 28） points. The average score of MDNS was（ 11. 42 ± 5. 77） points,and the total score of MDNS was 2252 in〉 6,accounting for 90. 99%. The score of basic nutrition knowledge,the score of attitude to nutrition measures,the score of behavior characteristics,the score of DKAP total and peripheral neuropathy,the score of tendon reflex,the score of muscle strength and the total score of the empty nest elderly T2 DM patients were negatively correlated（ P〈0. 05）.Conclusion The overall diet management level of the empty nest elderly T2 DM patients is low,the risk of peripheral neuropathy is high,and the level of dietary management is closely related to the occurrence of peripheral neuropathy.