东南亚安全合作机制碎片化问题研究

A Research on the Fragmentation of Security Cooperation Mechanism in Southeast Asia

目前,东南亚地区呈现出多种安全合作机制共存之局面,一方面各种安全机制越来越朝着多样化、板块化以及专业化方向发展,另一方面安全机制间的边界又越来越模糊,并呈现出交叠、竞争的趋势,形成了"安全合作机制碎片化"现象。该现象主要表现为机制多元化、机制复杂化和机制间的无序—竞争化,而权力失衡、利益分化以及认同削减是造成东南亚地区安全合作机制碎片化的主要原因。同时,碎片化降低了地区安全合作制度化水平,加剧了安全合作机制的复杂性,削弱了东盟在地区安全治理中的主导性,从而对东南亚地区安全治理造成了严峻的挑战。故此,中国应通过成为东南亚安全治理架构的"议程设置国",并积极推进亚信会议进程以促进地区现存安全合作机制间的协调,努力提高东南亚安全治理的制度化水平;支持以东盟为核心的综合安全合作机制,特别是积极参与并支持"东盟中心"的区域间主义动议与行动,坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的"亚洲安全观",以确保东盟在东南亚地区安全治理中的主导地位。

At present,there are diversified forms of security cooperation mechanisms coexisted in Southeast Asia. On the one hand,all kinds of security mechanisms are developing towards a form characterized by diversification,sectorization and specialization. On the other hand,boundaries among security mechanisms become more indistinct and it shows a tendency to overlap and competition,which form the phenomenon of＂fragmentation of security cooperation mechanism＂. Fragmentation of security cooperation mechanism in Southeast Asia is mainly displayed by the mechanisms diversification,mechanisms complication and mechanisms disorder-competition. Imbalance of power,diversification of interests and reduction of identification are the main reasons for fragmentation of security cooperation mechanisms in Southeast Asia. At the same time,fragmentation diminished the institutionalization level of regional security cooperation,exacerbated the complexity of security cooperation mechanisms and weakened the dominance of ASEAN in regional security governance,which poses a severe challenge to security governance in Southeast Asia. Therefore,China should make efforts to improve the institutionalization level of security governance in Southeast Asia by becoming the ＂agenda-setting nation＂and propelling the CICA process to promote the coordination among existing security cooperation mechanisms. Also China is supposed to support the comprehensive security cooperation mechanism,especially join and support the inter-regionalism with ASEAN as the core and actively practice the Asian security concept featuring common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security so as to ensure the dominance of ASEAN in Southeast Asia.