基于脂质体的纳米基因载体的研究进展

Research Progress of Nano-Gene Carriers Based on Liposomes

基因治疗是指将外源基因导入目标细胞,用以修正因基因缺陷和异常导致的疾病,达到治疗疾病的目的。外源基因在细胞中高效、持续地表达是基因治疗成功的关键,这与载体的选择息息相关。随着科技的发展,脂质体纳米复合物作为基因载体受到人们广泛关注,其具有功能多样、易于修饰、生物相容性好、转染效率高等优点。本文介绍了脂质体的结构特点,并对磁性纳米、金纳米、量子点、壳聚糖、上转换纳米与脂质体的复合物作为基因载体进行综述和展望。

Gene therapy is a method for curing diseases caused by genetic defects and anomalies through introducing normal foreign genes into targeted cells. Efficient and sustained expression of foreign genes in cells is the decisive factor in gene therapy,which is significantly relied on the vectors used in the treatment. With the development of science and technology,the research of liposome/nanocomposites as gene carriers has widely attracted people＇ s attention, due to the following advantages： versatile functions, easy surface modification,good biocompatibility,high transfection efficiency. Herein,the structure of liposome bilayer was introduced and the complexes of magnetic nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, chitosan,upconversion nanoparticles with liposomes as gene carriers have been reviewed and prospected.