冲破“贫困陷阱”:深度贫困地区的脱贫攻坚

Break Through the "Poverty Trap" : Lift the Seriously Impoverished Areas out of Poverty

中国政府30多年的扶贫经历了从划定贫困区域到划定贫困村落再到识别贫困人口这样一个过程,形成了系统的有针对性的扶贫战略和政策。当前脱贫攻坚所面临的主要问题是深度贫困的脱贫攻坚问题,"内生动力不足"下的"贫困陷阱"是深度贫困致贫机制中的内生要素。从某种程度上说深度贫困的发生不单是所谓致贫的外部因素,在客观上还存在着某种超越国家或个人能力,同时又约束国家和个人把握市场机会的一种状态,国际贫困研究领域将此称之为"贫困陷阱",而"贫困陷阱"则属于致贫的内因。我们制定缓解和消除深度贫困的政策需要在"贫困陷阱"理论基础上,从区域发展、社会发展、社会文化、扶贫组织资源角度出发,为深度贫困地区和人群寻找到合适的脱贫之道。

The Chinese government＇s 30 plus years of poverty alleviation work has chronologically experienced a process of delineating poverty-stricken areas, designating poor villages, and identifying poor people, and has formed systematic and targeted poverty alleviation strategies and policies. The main problem facing the current poverty alleviation work is to help the seriously impoverished areas out of poverty The ＂poverty trap＂ due to the ＂lack of endogenous impetus＂ is an endogenous factor causing severe poverty To a certain extent, the severe poverty does not only result from the external factor, but is also caused by ＂poverty trap＂ according to the international poverty academics, which refers to a state that transcends the capability of a nation or individuals while restraining the nation and individuals from grasping the market opportunities and is the internal cause of poverty. The government needs to make policies of mitigating and eliminating severe poverty on the basis of the ＂poverty trap＂ theory and find a suitable way out of poverty for people of the seriously impoverished areas from the perspectives of regional development, social development, social culture, and resources of the poverty alleviation organizations.