延续性护理对心脏死亡器官捐献肾移植患者生存质量的影响

Effect of continuous nursing on quality of life in renal transplantation patients with organ donation after cardiac death

目的探讨延续性护理对心脏死亡器官捐献(DCD)肾移植患者生存质量及并发症的影响。方法选取本院进行康复护理的DCD肾移植患者140例,按照入院时间分为对照组和观察组各70例,对照组患者出院后按常规指导自我护理;观察组患者出院后施行延续性护理。比较2组生存质量、睡眠质量、并发症发生率、再入院率及护理满意度。结果 2组出院前简明健康调查表(SF-36)各项评分比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05),且出院1年后各项评分均显著高于出院前(P<0.05);出院1年后观察组生理功能、心理健康、活力、社会功能、情感功能、总体健康评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组出院1年后匹兹堡睡眠质量得分、并发症发生率、再入院率均低于对照组,护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对DCD肾移植患者实施延续性护理,可显著提高患者生活质量与睡眠质量,降低并发症发生率与再入院率,患者满意程度高。

Objective To discuss effect of continuous care on quality of life and complications in renal transplantation patients with donation after cardiac death（ DCD）. Methods A total of140 renal transplantation patients with DCD who were transferred to our hospital for rehabilitation nursing were divided into control group and observation group according to admission time. The control group was given routine self-care after discharge,and the observation group performed continuous nursing after discharge. The quality of life,sleep quality,incidence of complications,readmission rate and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results There was no statistical difference in short form health questionnair（ SF-36） scores between the two groups before discharge（ P 〉 0. 05）,and were significantly higher after 1-year discharge than discharge before（ P 〈0. 05）. The scores of physiological function,mental health,vitality,social function,emotional function and overall health of the observation group were higher than that in the control group（ P 〈0. 05）. After one year discharge,the observation group had lower scores of Pittsburgh sleep quality,the incidence of complications and the rate of readmission than the control group,and higher nursing satisfaction than the control group（ P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Continuous nursing for DCD renal transplantation patients can significantly improve quality of life and sleep quality of patients,reduce incidence of complications and readmission rate,and improve satisfaction.