专利保护强度与发展中国家的技术创新:理论、历史与逻辑

The Patent Protection Intensity and Technological Innovation in Developing Countries:Theory,History and Logic

专利制度与技术创新并不存在明确的线性因果关系,本文运用"反公地悲剧模型"论证了强专利保护制度不利于发展中国家的技术追赶和技术创新。继而通过经济政策史研究发现,当今的发达国家在处于欠发达阶段时,并没有实行严格的专利制度,甚至有意地采用弱专利制度,等到本国的经济发展水平和技术水平领先于其他国家之后才提高了专利保护水平。最后提出,发展中国家专利制度的设计应遵循经济发展水平与专利保护强度相匹配的原则。

There is no linear causality relationship between the patent system and the technological innovation. the basis of explaining the relationship between patent system and technological innovation, this paper demonstrates that the strong patent system is not conducive to technological catch-up and technological innovation with the ＂ Model of Anti-Commons＂. Furthermore, the study of the history of the economic policy shows, while in the underdeveloped stage, the developed countries did not implement a strict patent system, and even deliberately adopts a weak patent system. They increased the patent protection intensity only after their economic development level and technical level developed way ahead of other countries. Finally, the conclusion is achieved that the design of the patent system in developing countries should conform to the principle that the patent protection intensity matches the economic development level.