玉米蚜刺吸对不同抗性玉米品种光合性能及生物量的影响

Effects of corn leaf aphids attack on photosynthetic properties and biomass of maize varieties with different resistance

为了阐明玉米蚜刺吸危害对不同抗性玉米品种光合性能及生物量的影响,在对4个玉米品种进行抗蚜级别鉴定的基础上,比较研究了这4个玉米品种在玉米蚜为害5 d后光合指标和生物量的变化。结果显示:4个玉米品种郑单958、蠡玉16、中单909和敦煌1号的抗蚜级别分别为抗、感、感和高感;4个玉米品种被玉米蚜刺吸5 d后叶片的大部分光合指标与对照差异不显著;抗蚜品种郑单958被玉米蚜刺吸5 d后,除了叶绿素SPAD值低于对照外,叶片的净光合速率、叶片气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间二氧化碳浓度、水分利用效率均呈正向变化,净光合速率、叶片气孔导度、蒸腾速率均显著高于中单909和敦煌1号(P<0.05)。在玉米蚜刺吸5 d后4个玉米品种的株高、根系长度与对照相比均无显著差异(P>0.05),而蠡玉16的根系数量显著多于对照(P<0.05),郑单958的植株鲜质量显著高于对照(P<0.05)。玉米蚜刺吸在某种程度上促进了抗蚜玉米品种的光合作用,增加了部分生物量,而感蚜玉米品种则受到抑制。

In order to clarify the effects of corn leaf aphid sucking on photosynthetic properties and biomass of with maize varieties different resistances,four maize varieties Zhengdan 958,Liyu 16,Zhongdan909,Dunhuang No.1 were selected for this test and the resistances of four maize varieties to corn leaf aphids,Rhopalosiphum maidis,were evaluated. The changes of photosynthetic properties and biomass of the four maize varieties were compared after being sucked five days by corn leaf aphid. The results showed that the resistance levels of the four varieties to corn leaf aphids were resistible（ Zhengdan 958）,susceptible（ Liyu 16）, susceptible（ Zhongdan 909） and highly susceptible（ Dunhuang No. 1）. Most of the photosynthetic indices of the four varieties after being sucked five days by corn aphid were not significantly different compared with the control. The net photosynthetic rate（ Pn）,leaf stomatal conductance（ Gs）,transpiration rate（ Tr）,intercellular CO2 concentration（ Ci）,and water-use efficiency（ WUE） of Zhengdan 958 were respectively higher than those of the control,but the chlorophyll value was lower than that of the con-trol. The net photosynthetic rate,leaf stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of Zhengdan 958 were significantly higher than those of Zhongdan 909 and Dunhuang No.1（ P〈0. 05）. The plant height and root length of the four varieties were not significantly different compared with the control（ P〉0.05）. The number of roots of Liyu 16 was significantly more than that of the control（ P〈0. 05）. The fresh weight of Zhengdan 985 was significantly higher than that of the control（ P〈0. 05）. The above results indicated that photosynthesis of resistible maize varieties was promoted to some extent by corn leaf aphids sucking,and some biomass indices showed an increasing trend. The photosynthetic properties of susceptible maize varieties,however,were inhibited.