硫化氢耐受差异水稻品系筛选与鉴定

The Screening and Identification of Rice Varieties with Different H_2S Resistant

S^(2-)是冷浸田中水稻生长的重要限制因子,探讨S^(2-)对水稻的毒性,可为筛选冷浸田高产水稻品种提供理论依据。本研究以27份水稻为材料,采用高浓度硫氢化钠水培试验模拟冷浸田土壤S^(2-)毒害,在水稻苗期调查水稻生长、茎叶干鲜重、根系指标,筛选出对硫化氢极端敏感和耐受的水稻材料。结果表明W5、W2和W17材料比较耐受,而W0、W20和W7材料比较敏感。选用极端敏感(W5)和耐受(W7)材料,分析在硫化氢处理后,其叶片谷胱甘肽的含量以及根系离子的转运情况。研究结果表明:在正常生长10 d后的水稻叶片中,W5和W7的谷胱甘肽的含量没有明显差异。在3 mmol/L硫氢化钠处理3 d后,水稻叶片中谷胱甘肽含量均被诱导上升,W5上升5倍,W7中则上升2倍。在硫氢化钠处理5 d后,W5和W7中的谷胱甘肽的含量均有小幅上升。对照组W5根系中K^+内流,略有波动,硫氢化钠处理组与对照组没有明显差异。对照组W5根系中Ca^(2+)在硫化氢处理后由内流变为明显的外流,H^+则有相反的趋势。对照组W7根系中K^+和H^+内流,在硫化氢处理组均发生更明显的内流。而W7对照组和处理组中根系Ca^(2+)均为内流,且两者没有明显差异。硫化氢处理下,水稻稳定的谷胱甘肽含量变化及离子流响应模式可能决定了其对高浓度硫化氢的耐受性。

S^2- is an important limiting factor for rice growth in cold leaching fields, and study about the toxicity of S^2-to rice, which might provide theoretical basis for the screening of high-yield rice varieties in cold leaching fields. This research took 27 rice varieties as materials, simulated harmful cold leaching fields by S^2- using the high concentration of sodium hydrosulphide hydroponic experiment. Rice seedling growth, shoot fresh weight and dry weight, root dry weight, root length, root surface area, plant height, root volume and root number were used as indicators for screening. Our results showed that W5, W2, and W17 were resistant to high concentration of sodium hydrosulphide while W0, W20 and W7 were very sensitive. We chose W5 and W7 to further analyse the work of glutathione content and root ion after the treatment of hydrogen sulfide. Our research demonstrated that glutathione content showed no obvious changes between W5 and W7 under normal conditions for 10 days. After 3 mmol/L NaHS treated for 3 days, it increased 5 times in W5 and 2 times in W7, as well as glutathione content were slightly increased in W7 and W5 after 3 mmol H2S treated for 5 days. K＋influx in root systems of W5 fluctuated slightly,and there was no significant difference between sodium hydrogen sulfide group and control group. Ca^2＋ in W5 transferred from influx to obvious efflux caused by NaHS treatment while the H＋showed a conversed trend. K＋and H＋in W7 showed an influx trend and it became more significant after H2S treatment. Ca^2＋ in W7 mature zone of control and NaHS treated rice showed an influx trend, and had no significant difference. Under the treatment of H2S, the stable change of glutathione content and the response model of ion flow might decide its tolerance for high concentration H2S.