干旱区工业园建设对生态系统服务的影响分析——以新疆米东化工工业园为例

Analysis on the Impact of Construction of Industrial Parks on Ecosystem Services:A Case of Midong Chemical Industry Park in Xinjiang

作为干旱区的典型代表,新疆的工业园发展迅速.为分析工业园的建设对生态系统服务的影响,利用遥感技术,搜集2004-2016年米东化工工业园的土地覆盖信息.基于生态系统服务制图方法,并针对工业园的特点,构建了生态系统服务评价矩阵,对工业园自2004年以来的生态系统服务进行定量评价与趋势分析.结果显示,随着工业园的建设,园区的生态系统服务能力总体呈现下降趋势,其中食物生产服务从供过于求转变为供不应求的状态.进一步分析发现,2010年是各类生态系统服务价值变化的重要节点,2010年之前生态系统服务需求量增长缓慢,而2010年之后随着园区建设面积的增加以及大量企业的入驻,生态系统服务需求量激增.本文构建的生态系统服务评价矩阵,能够有效评价生态系统服务的动态变化,可以为工业园的资源保护和生态恢复提供数据支撑,同时对于中小城市的区域规划管理有实际指导意义.

As a typical representative of the arid area,the industrial park in Xinjiang is developing rapidly.The construction of Xinjiang Midong chemical industry park began in 2005,and its rapid development changed the environment of the regional ecosystem and the situation of land cover.In order to analyze the impact of industrial park construction on ecosystem services,this paper used remote sensing technology to obtain the land cover information of Midong Chemical Industrial Park from 2004 to 2016.Based on the ecosystem services mapping and the characteristics of the industrial park,the ecosystem service matrix was constructed,and the quantitative evaluation and trend analysis of the ecosystem services in the industrial park since 2004 were carried out.The results show that changes in 2010 is a vital node of all ecosystem services,and demand for ecosystem services has been slow to grow until 2010.As the park construction area increases and a large number of enterprises move into the market after 2010,the demand for ecosystem services surged.The evaluation matrix of ecosystem services constructed in this paper can effectively evaluate the dynamic changes of ecosystem services and provide data support for resource conservation and ecological recovery of the industrial parks.Meanwhile,it has practical guidance for the regional planning and management of small and medium-sized cities.