简化太极拳运动对减轻社区老年人害怕跌倒的效果研究

The effects of simplified Tai Chi exercise on fear of falling among the elderly in communities

目的评价简化太极拳运动对社区老年人害怕跌倒心理和平衡能力的影响。方法根据纳入排除标准选取80名社区老年人作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组各40名。试验组在对照组干预措施的基础上进行简化太极拳运动,对照组接受健康宣教和随访,干预时间均为6个月。干预前后分别评价两组害怕跌倒心理水平、平衡能力、是否跌倒等指标。结果两组共72名老年人完成研究。试验组简化太极拳运动干预集中练习和居家个人练习依从性较好,分别为75.68%和64.86%。干预后,试验组的害怕跌倒心理水平和平衡能力均优于干预前和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。但干预后,两组是否跌倒比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组组内干预前后纵向比较,差异均有统计学意义(P=0.001)。结论简化太极拳运动适合害怕跌倒的老年人练习,能够显著减轻老年人害怕跌倒心理水平和提高老年人平衡能力。

Objective To evaluate the effects of simplified Tai Chi exercise for reducing fear of falling（FOF） and improving balance ability among the elderly living in communities. Methods Eighty eligible old persons （≥65）with FOF were randomly assigned to the intervention group and the control group by random number table method,with 40 in each group. Elderly in the control group received regular health education and follow-up for six months. Simplified Tai Chi exercise was implemented in the intervention group for six months in addition to regular care. Level of FOF,balance abihty ,and occurrence of falling were compared between two groups at baseline and after intervention. Results Totally 72 elderly completed the study. Adherence to group exercise and individual ex- ercise for simplified Tai Chi exercise in the intervention group were relatively good,which were 75.68% and 64.86%. After intervention,level of FOF and balance ability in the intervention group were significantly better than those at baseline,and better than those in the control group（P〈0.05）. No significant difference was found in occur- rence of falling between two groups after intervention （P〉0.05）,and there were significant differences before and after intervention in two groups （P=0.001）. Conclusion Simplified Tai Chi exercise is suitable for elderly with FOF to practice,and can reduce FOF and improve balance ability.