基于无人机的露天矿区测绘研究

Surveying and mapping of open-pit mining area using unmanned aerial vehicle

露天矿地形复杂,不规则的特性,加大了矿区地形测绘的难度。针对这一现状,提出利用无人机倾斜摄影测量技术进行露天矿地形测绘的技术方案,并对这项全新的技术手段在矿山测绘中的实际应用进行研究。研究阐述了利用无人机进行矿区测绘时的飞行方案制定、精度控制、影像数据处理、三维建模方面的关键技术路径。研究结果表明,无人机摄影测量获取数据高程中误差可以达到±0. 1m,平面坐标中误差可以达到±0. 08m,符合技术设计《工程测量规范》的精度要求。可以利用无人机倾斜摄影技术进行露天矿测绘数据采集工作,产生的数据成果能够在露天矿生产中得到有效的利用,从而提高了测绘成果的利用率。

The complicated topography and irregular characteristics of open pit increases the difficulty of topographic mapping in mining area. In view of the present situation,a technical scheme was put forward,using the unmanned aerial vehicle tilted photogrammetry to carry out topographic surveying and mapping for open-pit mines, and the practical application of this new technique in the mine was studied. The key technical path of the UAV surveying and mapping for open-pit mines was described including flight plan formulation,accuracy control,image data processing and 3 D modeling.The results show that,the error of UAV elevation data can reach to ± 0. 1 m,and the error in the plane coordinates can reach to ±0. 08 m,which is in line with the precision requirements of the technical design specification for engineering. So,it is feasible to use the unmanned aerial vehicle tilting photography to collect surveying and mapping data of open-pit coal mines. The data produced can be effectively used in the production of open-pit mines,thus it can improve the utilization of surveying and mapping results.