基于多维贫困测度的民族地区乡村旅游扶贫对象识别研究——以甘南藏族自治州扎尕那村为例

Research on Identification of Rural Tourism Poverty Alleviation Targets in Ethnic Areas Based on Multidimensional Poverty Measurement——A Case of Zhagana Village in Gannan Zangzu Autonomous

民族地区乡村旅游是实现当地贫困人口脱贫的有效途径之一,解决脱贫问题的核心与关键则是对贫困人口的精准识别与精准帮扶。选取甘南藏族自治州扎尕那村为研究案例地,以家庭为基本识别单元,采用多维贫困测度与Probit两值模型校验法进行研究。结果表明:(1)民族地区乡村居民不仅面临收入上的贫困,还面临教育、健康、生活等方面的多维贫困,尤其是以教育贫困最为严重;(2)户主的受教育水平、健康状况、家庭人口规模、家庭成员的受教育水平与家庭贫困之间存在着显著的负相关关系;(3)家庭未成年人口数量、距离景区远近与家庭贫困之间存在显著的正相关关系。

Rural tourism in ethnic areas was one of the effective ways to achieve poverty alleviation of the local poor. The key to solving the problem of poverty alleviation was the accurate identification and precise assistance of the poor. Taking Zhagana Village of Gannan Zangzu Autonomous Prefecture as an example, this paper took family as the basic unit of recognition, and adopted multi - dimensional poverty measure and probit binary model test.The results showed that： ①The rural residents in ethnic areas did not only face the poverty of income, but also faced multidimensional poverty in education, health and life, especially in the area of education poverty. ②There was a significant difference between the education level of the head of household and health status, family size, education level of family members and family poverty. ③There was a significant positive relationship between the number of underage population in the family, distance from the scenic area and family poverty.