黄河上游羊曲水电站对土著鱼类的影响与保护

Impact of Hydraulic Projects on Indigenous Fish and its Protection in the Upper Reaches of Yellow River

河流具有供水、发电、调节气候等重要功能,是生态服务功能正常发挥的重要保障。通过建立三维数学模型对羊曲河道进行水动力模拟,分析羊曲建库后水位、流速的变化以及对鱼类栖息地的影响。结果表明:羊曲建库后,水位高程变化幅度0~0. 3m,流速明显变缓。对于土著鱼类,羊曲坝下(龙羊峡库尾回水变动段)将可能形成产卵场;库区内的浅水区将成为新的索饵场;羊曲水电站至班多坝下段黄河干流中越冬场也将会增加。

Rivers have important functions such as water supply, power generation and climate regulation, which offer an important guarantee for the normal realization of ecological functions. In this paper, the hydrodynamic simulation of the Yangqu River channel was carried out by using the three-dimensional mathematical model, and the changes of water level, velocity and the impact on the fish habitat were analyzed. The results showed that the water level elevation was about 0.3 m after the construction of Yangqu Reservoir, and the flow rate obviously slowed down. For indigenous fish, the area under the dam may form a spawning ground; the shallow water area in the reservoir will become a new bait farm; and the overwintering field in the main stream will increase.