居家养老概念辨析、热点议题与研究趋势

Literature Review on Ageing in Place:Concepts,Issues and Research Trends

国内外实践表明,居家养老是符合老年人偏好、有助于维护家庭关系、经济成本更优的养老方式。居家养老已经成为近年来国内学术研究的重要议题,相关主题学术论文数量已超过万篇。考虑到政策、实践及学术研究的共同需要,本文对当前有关居家养老议题的研究进行系统梳理。首先,基于中国知网文献数据库,本文对居家养老相关主题文献进行系统搜索,分析发现,当前研究对居家养老的定义分为资源说、地点说、混合说三种解释,研究视角主要围绕居家养老服务的责任主体、服务对象、服务递送、服务评价等实践问题展开。其次,本文围绕英国社区照护政策"去机构化"转型对福利多元主义和女性主义所产生的两种政策导向进行了解释。本文建议,国内应加强居家养老主题的学理性研究,呼吁关注老年人心理和精神照护需求,以及加强对家庭照护者的关注。

Both international and domestic evidence have shown that ageing in place is decided by older people preference,which benefits maintaining the family relationship and is a cost - effective way of ageing. Nowadays, ageing in place has become a hot research topic among Chinese research and the figure for the relative papers have reached over 10 thousand. Due to the need for policy and academic research, an overview of studies on ageing in place needs capturing the features of the existing literature. First, a systematic literature search was perfozxned in CNKI database and then it concluded the concept of ageing in place by the resource - based, the setting - based and the mixed explanation, and the research perspectives by the responsible actors, targeting groups, service delivery and service evaluation. Second, this review focus on the literature on the policy transition to deinstitutionalization in terms of the community care policy in the UK. The underlying theoretical explanations were expected to be the feminism and the welfare pluralism, which induced a contradictory policy design. This paper suggests the theoretical studies should be enhanced and advocates the research on the care for older people with mental conditions and the support for the family earegivers for the future studies.