西藏佩枯错种子植物资源特征分析

Resource Characteristics of Seed Plants in Peiku Co, Tibet

本研究旨在为佩枯错湖区种子植物资源的开发利用提供科学依据。通过样方设置、踏查和文献查阅,对该区种子植物资源特征进行分析。结果:该区种子植物资源可分为药用植物、观赏植物和其他类经济植物。其中,药用植物共26科44属61种,占该区种子植物总种数的53.04%。全草、根、茎入药的植物较多,分别有40种、9种和5种,分别占药用植物总种数的65.57%、14.75%和8.20%。清热药种类最多有26种,占药用植物总数的42.62%。解表药、止血药、化痰止咳平喘药和利水渗湿药均有5种,占药用植物总数的8.20%;观赏植物22科42属59种,占该区总种数的51.30%。其中,观花植物种类最多,有49种,占观赏植物总数的83.05%。观叶植物有7种,占观赏植物总数的11.86%。观姿植物与观果植物各有2种和1种,分别占观赏植物总种数的3.28%和1.69%;另外,该区一些种类可用做饲料、食用、油料、芳香、纤维、水土保持和蜜源等。佩枯错野生种子植物资源相对比较丰富,具有较大的开发潜力。依据调查和研究结果,对该区种子植物资源的开发和保护提出了建议。

In order to provide scientific basis for the development and utilization of seed plant resources in Peiku Co, Tibet, the characteristics of seed plant resources in this area were analyzed by means of sample preparation, site investigation and literature review. The results showed that the seed plant resources in this area mainly included medicinal plants, ornamental plants and a few species with other economic value. Medicinal plants contained 61 species accountting for 53.04% of the total species and belonging to 44 genera and 26 families. Of all the medicinal plants, 40 species made up 65.57% for the entire plants used as medicinal materials, 9 species accountted for 14.75% for the root used as medicinal materials and 5 species occupied 8.20% for the stem used as medicinal materials. For the medicinal functions, 26 species accountting for 42.62% of total medicinal plants belonged to heat-clearing medicine. And then, exterior-releasing medicine, hemostatic medicine, promoting diuresis medicine and medicines for expectorating, relieving cough and smoothing asthma had 5 species in all, which accountted for 8.20% of the total medicinal plants. There were 22 families, 42 genera and 59 species of ornamental plants, making up 51.30% of the total species. Most of the ornamental species were flowering plants containing 49 species, which making up 83.05% of the ornamental plants. Foliage plants contained 7 species accounting for 11.86% of the ornamental plants, and fewer species had ornamental value in form and fruit. Form-effect plants contained 2 species occupying 3.28%, and fruit-effect plants included 1 species making up 1.69%. Besides, a few species are also used as feed, food, oil, perfume, fiber, soil and water conservation plants, nectar sources, and so on. At last, based on the results of investigation and analysis, suggestions on the development, utilization and protection of seed plant resources in this area were put forward.