风险社会理论引入刑事立法的反思性审视

The Reflection Of Criminal Legislation In the Risk Society Theory

风险社会中,技术风险和制度风险等新型风险与前现代社会以及工业社会中的各种风险汇聚在一起,共同筑成风险社会特有的风险图景。"风险社会中的风险只包括技术风险"、"技术风险不需要刑法应对"、"刑法不应积极应对具有不确定性的新型风险"等主张,均是刑法学者对风险社会理论的误读,不利于刑事立法对社会发展现状的正确回应。风险刑法在刑法体系中的应然定位,是对传统刑法的补充而非替代,其适用范围应限于规制新型风险。风险社会中的新型风险具有不确定性,刑法的规制范围应限于具有导致严重实害结果的高度可能性的新型风险。

In the risk society, new risks such as technical risk, institutional risk, pre - modem society risk and industrial society risk form the unique social risk. Some scholar hold the notions that ＂ the new risk in the risk society only include technical risk＂ , ＂ criminal law does not apply to technical risk＂ , ＂ criminal law should not actively l^spond to the new uncertain risk＂ , and so on, which may derive from the misinterpretation of the risk society theory by criminal law scholars. So these notions are not conducive to the correct application of criminal legislation to the current situation of social development. Risk criminal law should be positioned as a supplement to traditional criminal law rather than a substitute, and the sphere of application of risk criminal law should be limited to the new risk. Further, the new risk may be uncertain in the risk society, so the sphere of application of risk criminal law should be limited to the new risk with high probability of serious adverse consequences.