1919年哈佛中日留学生之比较研究

Chinese and Japanese Students at Harvard in 1919:A Comparative Perspective

1919年是世界史上非常重要的一年。"一战"结束后,各主要参战国在巴黎举行和会,中国发生"五四"运动,新文化运动也持续发展。当时的哈佛大学,汇集了来自世界各国的政府派遣留学生。而中国学生在人数上首屈一指,日本学生也名列前茅。本文运用哈佛校报《绯红》(The Crimson)等最新资料,揭示了中日留学生均以来自知名国立大学和私立大学为主,且毕业后大多数人均回国在各个行业发挥重要作用。而两国学生学习专业的不同,反映了中日两国政府在教育、军事策略方面存在的差异。

1919 was a significant year in world history,because in this year all countries involved in the First World War met in Paris attending the peace conference.In China,due to the diplomatic failure in Paris,the May Fourth Movement took place and the New Culture Movement moved forward.As a re nowned university,Harvard attracted numerous foreign students and Chinese stu dents constituted the largest group there.Drawing upon new sources from Har vard publications at that time,this paper revealed that Chinese and Japanese stu dents at Harvard mostly came from the top national and private universities in both countries,such as Peking University,Tokyo University,Keio University,and St John's University.It also shows that many of these students went back East Asia and became forerunners in their fields respectively.Furthermore,some Chinese and Japanese students focused on different subjects,which indicat ed the differences of educational development and military strategies between China and Japan in early twentieth century.